Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a severe autoimmune disease where the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissues across multiple systems. SLE can affect nearly every organ, with the most common targets being the skin, joints, kidneys, digestive system, and central nervous system. Because of its systemic nature, symptoms vary widely depending on the affected organs and the extent of damage.
The unifying symptom among SLE patients is pain. Other common symptoms include chronic fatigue, weight loss, hair loss, and general malaise. SLE tends to flare up periodically, bringing specific symptoms based on the organs involved:
- Skin involvement: Butterfly-shaped malar rash and sun sensitivity.
- Digestive system: Abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting.
- Respiratory system: Chest pain and difficulty breathing.
- Kidneys: Edema in the lower extremities.
- Blood and circulation: Anemia, thrombocytopenia, and Raynaud’s phenomenon.
- Central nervous system: Seizures, headaches, and neuropsychiatric disorders.
SLE is characterized by intense B-cell activation, high levels of immature B cells, and the presence of autoantibodies, which aid in confirming the diagnosis.
SLE is considered a chronic and incurable condition with periodic flare-ups. Treatments focus on managing symptoms and slowing disease progression. Common therapies include:
- Corticosteroids: To control inflammation.
- Immunosuppressive agents: To reduce immune system activity.
- Cytotoxic agents: To target overactive immune cells.
- Anti-inflammatory agents: To manage flare-up symptoms.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSC) Therapy for SLE
Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSC) Therapy offers a promising alternative treatment for SLE. Their potent anti-inflammatory and regulatory properties can disrupt the inflammatory cascade triggered by the immune system.
By modulating the immune response, mesenchymal stem cells may reduce the need for high doses of corticosteroids, minimizing associated side effects. While further research is needed, MSC therapy provides hope for better symptom control and improved quality of life for SLE patients.
